Biotechnology comes from two words: ‘bio’ meaning living creatures and ‘technology’ which means how to produce goods or services. Of the two words alloys European Federation of Biotechnology (1989) defines biotechnology as a blend of natural sciences and engineering sciences that aims to improve the application of living organisms, cells, parts of living organisms, and / or molecular analog to produce products and services (Goenadi & Isroi , 2003).
In the popular sense, biotechnology can be defined as the application of appropriate techniques for utilizing organisms (cells, living tissue) in order to obtain the desired results. Biotechnology can be said as well as the use or alteration of cells or compounds / molecular biology for specific applications. Aspect of biotechnology which handles processes involving microorganisms called microbial biotechnology.
In general, biotechnology is a branch of science that studies the use of living things (bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc.) or products of living organisms (enzymes, alcohol) in the production process to produce goods and services. Today, the development of biotechnology is not only based on biology alone, but also in applied sciences and other pure, such as biochemistry, computers, molecular biology, microbiology, genetics, chemistry, mathematics, and so forth. In other words, biotechnology is applied science that combines the various branches of science in the process of production of goods and services.
The scientifically biotechnology can be defined as an interdisciplinary scientific approach to utilizing microorganisms, plants and animals in order to produce products that can form chemical compounds. Also even with the produce individuals with new genetic map with superior properties. Superior characteristics in question is a high productivity, able to live in extreme environmental conditions, and disease resistance.
However, the development of biotechnology must be balanced with appropriate protection dah preservation. The main thing we should do is make a consistent and sustainable conservation.
Conservation is the preservation or protection. Literally, conservation comes from English, that means the preservation or conservation protection. Meanwhile, according to environmental science, conservation is the efficiency of energy use, production, transmission, or distribution resulting in reduced energy consumption on the other hand provide the same level, by trying to protect and carefully manage the environment and natural resources .
So it can be concluded that the conservation of biotechnology is to protect and preserve all activities related to the utilization of biological process or organism so that the implementation of biotechnology can be done with efficient and controlled for the impact of biotechnology applications do not negatively impact the surrounding environment.